intermittent ensure access  (Med Associates Inc)

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Ingestion-activated CGRP neurons control learning but not satiety

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.08.681275

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Single-cell imaging of CGRP neurons in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) during self-paced licking. Right, Representative lens placement and GCaMP6s expression in CGRP neurons and view through the GRIN lens. scp, superior cerebellar peduncle. b , Left, heatmap and average CGRP neuron population response to Ensure consumption. Right, quanitfication and example of types of neural responses to Ensure. Vertical gray bars represent licks. c , Peri-stimulus time histogram (PSTH) of CGRP neuron responses relative to the first and last lick in a bout. d , Schematic of mice being given intermittent access to Ensure on the Davis Rig. e , Heatmap of neural responses to intermittent licking and example neural traces. f , Correlation between licking and mean z-scored response. g , CDF of CGRP neuron responses when licking air vs Ensure. h , PSTH of activated neurons in response to licking for various solutions. i , Time to 50% of peak response following first lick in a bout. j , Quantification of neural responses. k , Average z-score during the first 10 minutes of solution access of activated and inhibited neurons. l , Average neural responses during bouts, normalized to the number of licks. m , Injection of the multi-synaptic retrograde pseudorabies virus-GFP (PRV-GFP), and a representative image of viral expression in the PBN. n , Expression of PRV-GFP in cells upstream of CGRP neurons in the dorsal vagal complex and the ocaudal spinal trigeminal nuclues (Sp5C) 3 days after injection of PRV-GFP. o , PRV-GFP expression in the geniculate and nodose ganglia. Data are represented as mean ± sem. AP, area postrema. NTS, nucleus of the solitary tract. DMV, dorsal motor vagus. Scale bars, 200 µm. ns means not significant, *** P < .001,

Article Snippet: Intermittent Ensure access experiments were performed in a Davis Rig (MED-DAV-160M, Med Associates).

Techniques: Imaging, Expressing, Injection, Virus

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Ingestion-activated CGRP neurons control learning but not satiety

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.08.681275

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Approximate GRIN lens placements for all animals used for single-cell imaging. b , Heatmaps and averaged response of neurons to self-paced licking for various solutions. c , The amount mice licked for different solutions or air during single-cell imaging experiments. d , Model for how CGRP neurons responses to ingestion could change as over time as food consumption progresses. e , Mean z-scored responses normalized to number of licks for the first (start) and last (end) three trials of the intermittent access test. f , Model for looking at changes in tonic CGRP neuron activity (baseline shift) during food consumption. g , There were greater CGRP neural responses during licking bouts compared to interbout intervals for Ensure. h , Mean interbout z-score of activated neurons at the start and end of a licking session (first vs. last 10 minutes). i , Average interbout z-scored response in the first and last 10 minutes of Ensure access of neurons categorized as “non-responsive”. j , Interbout z-score of activated neurons in the last 10 minutes of a licking session for caloric solutions (Ensure, glucose, and intralipid), binned based on the total licks consumed by the end of the session. ns mean not significant. **** P < .0001, *** P < .001, ** P < .01. * P < .05

Article Snippet: Intermittent Ensure access experiments were performed in a Davis Rig (MED-DAV-160M, Med Associates).

Techniques: Imaging, Activity Assay